Precision 321 Stainless Steel Sheet
321 (UNS S40900 / EN 1.4512) is a titanium-stabilized ferritic stainless steel with a maximum carbon content of 0.030%. The addition of titanium prevents intergranular corrosion during welding, eliminating post-weld annealing requirements.
This grade provides continuous high-temperature oxidation resistance up to 800°C combined with a lower thermal expansion coefficient than austenitic 300-series grades. Available in hot-rolled (No. 1) and cold-rolled (2B/BA) finishes, plates are supplied in standard coil/sheet formats or custom cut-to-length dimensions via laser and plasma profiling.
Key Features
Weldability: Titanium stabilization binds carbon and nitrogen, preventing chromium carbide precipitation in the weld heat-affected zone (HAZ).
High-Temperature Stability: Retains mechanical integrity and oxidation resistance up to 800°C in cyclical thermal environments.
Thermal Expansion: Lower thermal expansion coefficient compared to grade 304, minimizing thermal fatigue in rapid heating and cooling cycles.
Formability: High ductility in both hot and cold-rolled conditions, suited for deep drawing, roll forming, and complex stamping.
Cost Efficiency: Nickel-free chemical composition offers a stable economic alternative for exhaust and thermal applications.
Technical Specifications
Chemical Composition (ASTM A240 / EN 1.4512 Limits)
|
Element |
Content (%) |
|
Chromium (Cr) |
10.50 - 11.75 |
|
Titanium (Ti) |
3 x C + 0.30 max (or min 0.15) |
|
Carbon (C) |
<= 0.030 |
|
Manganese (Mn) |
<= 1.00 |
|
Silicon (Si) |
<= 1.00 |
|
Phosphorus (P) |
<= 0.040 |
|
Sulfur (S) |
<= 0.020 |
|
Iron (Fe) |
Balance |
Mechanical Properties (Room Temperature, Longitudinal / Transverse)
|
Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) |
>= 170 MPa |
|
Tensile Strength |
>= 380 MPa |
|
Elongation (L0 = 50mm) |
>= 20% |
|
Hardness |
<= 88 HRB (Rockwell) |
Available Grades and Material Equivalents
|
ASTM / ASME |
UNS S40900 / ASTM A240 / A480 |
|
EN / DIN |
1.4512 / X2CrTi12 |
|
JIS |
SUS 321 |
Applications
Automotive Exhaust
Exhaust manifolds, catalytic converter shells, mufflers, tailpipes, and flexible pipes.
Thermal Systems
Heat exchanger separation plates, combustion chambers, and industrial furnace baffles.
Environmental Control
Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) equipment and particulate filter casings.
General Fabrication
Container floor panels and structural components requiring moderate atmospheric corrosion resistance.
Custom Thickness and Dimensions
Hot-Rolled Plate (No. 1 Finish):
- Thickness: 3.0 mm - 16.0 mm
- Width: 1000 mm - 2000 mm
Cold-Rolled Plate (2B / BA Finish):
- Thickness: 0.4 mm - 3.0 mm
- Width: 1000 mm - 1500 mm
Length Options: Standard mill lengths (2000 mm, 2500 mm, 3000 mm, 6000 mm) or custom cut-to-length sheets.
Processing Services: Fiber laser cutting, high-definition plasma cutting, shearing, CNC punching, and edge deburring.
Quality Control and Surface Inspection
Traceability: Sourced from primary steel mills with complete heat number and melt record tracking.
Dimensional Verification: Thickness, width, length, and diagonal squareness measured using calibrated micrometers and laser gauges.
Surface Inspection: Inspected for rolling defects, laminations, scratches, scale, and oxide inclusions. Slit edges verified for burr height control (<= 5% of thickness).
Testing Protocol: Tensile testing, bend testing, and hardness testing executed per production lot.
Documentation: Mill Test Certificates (MTC) supplied in accordance with EN 10204 3.1, detailing chemical analysis and mechanical test results.
Packaging and Shipping
Export Packaging: Plates secured with steel strapping on heavy-duty wooden pallets, wrapped in waterproof moisture barrier paper and heavy-duty plastic film.
Interleaving: Paper interleaving applied between cold-rolled sheets to prevent surface scratching during transit.
Container Loading: Secured inside 20ft / 40ft sea containers with blocking and bracing to prevent shifting during ocean freight.
Incoterms & Ports: FOB / CIF shipping terms available from major ports (Shanghai, Ningbo, Tianjin, Qingdao).
FAQ
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